Glucophage 850: Dosage, Benefits, and Precautions

Glucophage is a commonly used type 2 diabetes mellitus oral medication, consisting of the active ingredient metformin hydrochloride. It is an antidiabetic medication derived from the biguanide class, effective in managing elevated blood glucose levels. This article discusses the appropriate dosage of Glucophage 850, its benefits, and the safety precautions needed to ensure the best outcomes. (1,2,3)

Dosage

Each diabetic patient requires a specific dosage regimen based on their current blood glucose levels, response to therapy, and presence of other medical conditions; however, the usually recommended dosage of Glucophage 850 is as follows:

Initially, one tablet once daily, then gradually increasing the frequency according to the blood glucose response and tolerability, up to 2550 mg per day, divided into 2-3 doses.

Tablets should be taken with meals to reduce the risk of gastrointestinal symptoms, which can resolve over time.

Benefits

1.Controlling Blood Glucose Levels

Glucophage 850 decreases hepatic glucose production, decreases gastrointestinal reabsorption, and increases target body cells’ insulin sensitivity.

2.Prevention of long-term complications

By effectively controlling blood glucose levels, Glucophage 850 can prevent long-term complications, such as retinopathy, neuropathy, and cardiovascular diseases.

3.Weight Management

Unlike other diabetes-controlling medications, Glucophage 850 does not cause weight gain. In fact, some studies have proved it may even encourage weight loss in overweight or obese patients.

4.Antihyperlipidemic Effects

Glucophage 850 can positively control lipid profiles, including lowering LDL cholesterol and triglycerides, eventually preventing high-risk complications, such as cardiovascular diseases.

5.Lower Risk of Hypoglycemia

Unlike many other antidiabetic medications, Glucophage 850 has a minimal risk of hypoglycemia, making it safer and more adherent for patients.

Precautions

Although Glucophage 850 is a generally well-tolerated, safe medication, it carries certain risks that require precautions and strict adherence to healthcare providers’ instructions. These precautions include:

1.Black Box Warning: Lactic Acidosis

In rare cases, lactic acidosis can occur with long-term use of Glucophage 850, a potentially severe condition characterized by an increased blood lactate concentration, reduced blood pH, and impaired electrolyte balance.

Lactic acidosis risk factors include:

Renal impairment.
Hepatic impairment.
Elderly patients; 65 years and older.
Concomitant use of certain medications.
Hypoxia states, such as acute congestive heart failure (CHF).

Therefore, caution must be taken when administering Glucophage 850 to patients with the mentioned conditions.

2.Drug-Drug Interactions

Glucophage 850 can interact with other medications and supplements, affecting its efficacy and safety. For example, Cimetidine (peptic ulcer and heartburn controlling medication) can increase the level and effect of Metformin by reducing its renal clearance and eventually increasing the risk of lactic acidosis. It is essential to inform the physician about any drugs and supplements taken.

3.Interaction with Iodinated Contrast Imaging Procedure

Operations and radiologic studies involving iodinated contrast media can increase levels of Glucophage 850 by decreasing renal clearance, resulting in acute renal failure or lactic acidosis, which is a contraindication. So, it is crucial to discontinue Glucophage at least 48 hours before and after the imaging study.