Prime Highlights:
A world-first study reveals adults with ADHD may have shorter life expectancies than those without the condition.
Men with ADHD face a life expectancy reduction of 4.5 to 9 years, while women’s life expectancy is reduced by 6.6 to 11 years.
The study, based on over 30,000 adults with ADHD and 300,000 without, used anonymized primary care data from 2000-2019.
Key Background:
A groundbreaking study has revealed that adults diagnosed with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) may experience significantly shorter life expectancies compared to those without the condition. The findings, described as deeply concerning by the researchers, indicate that men with ADHD may have their life expectancy reduced by 4.5 to 9 years, while women may face a reduction of 6.6 to 11 years.
ADHD, a neurodevelopmental disorder typically diagnosed in childhood, is characterized by symptoms such as restlessness, difficulty concentrating, and impulsive behaviors. The study, published in the British Journal of Psychiatry on January 23, 2025, compared over 30,000 adults diagnosed with ADHD to more than 300,000 individuals without the disorder, using anonymized primary care data collected between 2000 and 2019.
Josh Stott, senior author of the study and a professor at University College London, expressed concern over the impact of ADHD on life expectancy. He noted that while people with ADHD often possess strengths and can thrive with appropriate support, they are frequently underserved and face higher rates of social exclusion and life stressors, which can harm both physical and mental health.
Experts have emphasized that the reduced life expectancy is likely linked to modifiable risk factors such as poor management of ADHD, inadequate treatment, and the presence of co-occurring health conditions, including obesity, cardiovascular disease, and smoking. Philip Asherson, a professor of molecular psychiatry at King’s College London, pointed out that ADHD is associated with poorer health outcomes, yet there is limited access to diagnosis and treatment.
While the study offers valuable insights, some experts caution that ADHD is often underdiagnosed in adults, which could mean the true impact on life expectancy may be even more pronounced. The researchers advocate for improved diagnosis and greater access to treatment to address the health disparities faced by adults with ADHD and reduce these concerning life expectancy gaps.